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Notre-Dame houses a number of important religious artifacts, including what is believed to be the Crown of Thorns and a fragment of the True Cross. These relics make the cathedral a significant pilgrimage site as well as a tourist attraction.
Notre-Dame Cathedral, officially known as Notre-Dame de Paris, is one of the most famous and beloved landmarks in Paris. This masterpiece of French Gothic architecture is renowned for its size, antiquity, and architectural interest.
The cathedral has been the site of many significant events in French history, including the coronation of Henry VI of England inside its walls and the beatification of Joan of Arc. Its cultural significance extends beyond religion, serving as the setting for Victor Hugo's famous novel, "The Hunchback of Notre-Dame," which played a key role in rallying public interest in the cathedral when it was in disrepair in the 19th century.
Construction of Notre-Dame began in the 12th century, around 1163, and it was largely completed by the 13th century. It stands as a testament to the ingenuity of medieval builders and has been at the heart of French religious and cultural life for centuries. The cathedral features a host of architectural innovations, including the use of flying buttresses, which allowed builders to reach new heights and create the thin walls and large windows that filled the church with light.
In April 2019, a devastating fire swept through Notre-Dame, causing the collapse of its iconic spire and significant damage to the roof. The fire prompted an outpouring of international support and pledges for its restoration. The French government has committed to rebuilding the cathedral, aiming to restore it to its former glory, with efforts focused on historical accuracy and the use of traditional materials and techniques.
Time Zone: Paris operates on Central European Time (CET), which is 1 hour ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT+1).
Weather: Paris has a Western European oceanic climate. The summers are generally warm and pleasant with average temperatures between 15 to 25 degrees Celsius (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). Winters are cold with temperatures often dropping to around 1 to 7 degrees Celsius (34 to 45 degrees Fahrenheit). Rain is fairly distributed throughout the year, with light showers more common.
Population: Paris has a population of over 2 million people within its administrative city limits. The wider Paris metropolitan area has a population of around 12 million, making it one of the largest urban areas in Europe.
Size: Paris covers an area of about 105 square kilometers (40.7 square miles). Despite its relatively small size, the city is densely populated and is divided into 20 districts, known as arrondissements.
Language: The official language is French. While many Parisians speak English, especially in tourist areas, learning a few basic French phrases can be helpful and is appreciated by the locals.
Currency: France uses the Euro (€). Credit cards are widely accepted, but it's always a good idea to have some cash, especially for smaller purchases in bakeries, open markets, or in areas less frequented by tourists.
Safety: Paris is generally considered safe for tourists. Like any major city, it's advisable to be aware of your surroundings and take standard safety precautions, especially in crowded areas and on public transportation.
Tipping: In Paris, a service charge is usually included in the bill at restaurants. However, it's customary to leave a small extra tip if you're happy with the service.
Electricity and Plugs: France uses Type C and Type E plugs, and the standard voltage is 230 V with a standard frequency of 50 Hz. Travelers from countries with different electrical standards may need adapters.
Water: Tap water in Paris is safe to drink. Many cafes and restaurants will serve tap water for free if requested.
Address:
Paris, France
Latitude: 48.8529
Longitude: 2.3499